Legal High Addiction | Types, Symptoms & Effects

A legal high drug, often referred to as a ‘new psychoactive substance’ (NPS), is a substance created to mimic the effects of illegal recreational drugs while avoiding classification as illegal. These substances are designed to be chemically different enough from banned drugs to skirt existing drug laws, although they still aim to provide similar psychoactive effects.

Legal highs can come in various forms, such as pills, powders or herbal mixtures and are often marketed under innocuous names like ‘bath salts’ or ‘spice.’ While they may not be illegal at the time of their creation, many of these substances can be dangerous, leading to health risks and potential addiction. Governments frequently update their drug laws to include these new substances, making them illegal as their risks become apparent.

Are there different kinds of legal high drugs?

Understanding the vast array of legal highs available on the market can be incredibly challenging due to their sheer number and variety. The complexity is further heightened by the different naming conventions used for these substances. Legal highs often have three types of names: brand, chemical, and slang or street names.

For instance, many legal highs are marketed under brand names like Benzo Fury or K2. These names are often used for commercial purposes and can be found on product packaging. However, these substances are also known by their chemical names, such as Dimethocaine, benzofuran and mephedrone. These names are more scientific and are used to describe the actual chemical composition of the drugs.

To make things even more complex, legal highs also go by various slang or street names. These are informal names used by users and sellers to describe the effects or appearance of the substances. For example, ‘Bubble’ is a generic slang term used for any synthetic powder that has a stimulant effect. This means that one substance can be known by multiple names, each reflecting a different aspect of its identity.

Here are some popular types of legal high drugs:

Brand Name	Chemical Name	Street Name
Spice	Synthetic cannabinoids	K2, Black Mamba
Salvia Divinorum	Salvinorin A	Sally-D, Magic Mint
Kratom	Mitragyna speciosa	Thang, Ketum
Bath Salts	Synthetic cathinones	Flakka, Cloud Nine
N-bomb	25I-NBOMe	Smiles, N-Bomb
Khat	Catha edulis	Qat, Miraa
Nitrous Oxide	Nitrous oxide (N2O)	Whippets, Laughing Gas
Benzofuran	6-APB	Benzo Fury
Mephedrone	4-Methylmethcathinone (4-MMC)	Meow Meow, M-CAT
MXE	Methoxetamine	MXE, Mexxy

Can you become addicted to legal highs?

Yes, you can form a legal high addiction. While substances like cocaine and heroin are well-known for their addictive properties, legal highs can be just as addictive, if not more so, in some cases. These substances often mimic the effects of illegal drugs but can be just as dangerous, leading to physical dependence and addiction. It’s important to be aware of the risks associated with legal highs and treat them with the same caution as any other addictive substance.

Here, we examine three well-documented legal highs known for their potential to be addictive.

Benzo Fury addiction

Benzo Fury is often taken at social events to boost energy, mood and confidence. However, even short-term use can lead to addiction, quickly turning the experience negative. Users may find themselves craving the drug and experiencing withdrawal symptoms, making it difficult to quit despite its initial appeal.
Benzo Fury addiction

Mephedrone addiction

Mephedrone is known for its effects, which resemble a mix of cocaine and MDMA, making it highly addictive. Users quickly develop a tolerance, often consuming large quantities to achieve the same high. This rapid increase in use can lead to severe health risks and a strong dependency on the drug.
Mephedrone addiction

What are the signs of legal high addiction?

It’s challenging to pinpoint a specific set of signs and symptoms for legal high addiction due to the vast variety of substances available. However, many of these substances can cause similar patterns of addiction. Below, we explore some of the most common signs of generic drug addiction, categorised into behavioural, psychological and physical symptoms.

Behavioural signs

Changes in social circles: Individuals may start associating with a new group of friends who use drugs while distancing themselves from family and old friends.
Neglect of responsibilities: There may be a noticeable decline in performance at work or school and neglect of personal and professional responsibilities.
Secretive behaviour: Increased secrecy about activities and whereabouts, along with lying or making excuses to cover up drug use.
Risky behaviours: Engaging in dangerous activities while under the influence, such as driving or unsafe sexual practices.

Psychological signs

Mood swings: Frequent and extreme mood changes, including irritability, agitation and euphoria, are common.
Paranoia and anxiety: Heightened feelings of paranoia, anxiety and even panic attacks can occur, especially when the drug effects wear off.
Depression: Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness and lack of interest in previously enjoyed activities.
Cognitive impairment: Difficulty concentrating, impaired judgement and memory problems are often reported.

Physical signs

Changes in appearance: Noticeable weight loss or gain, neglected hygiene and changes in physical appearance.
Sleep patterns: Disrupted sleep patterns, including insomnia or excessive sleeping.
Withdrawal symptoms: Physical symptoms such as shaking, sweating, nausea and headaches when not using the drug.
Health issues: Frequent illnesses, respiratory problems and other health complications that may arise from drug use.

Recognising these signs can be crucial in seeking help and addressing addiction. If you or someone you know is struggling, it’s important to reach out to a healthcare professional for support and guidance.

How are legal high addictions treated at Linwood House?

At Linwood House, our rehab programme for legal high addiction is designed to provide comprehensive and compassionate care. We understand the unique challenges that come with addiction to these substances and our goal is to support you every step of the way.

Detox: Our programme begins with a thorough assessment to understand your specific needs and history with legal high drug abuse. This initial stage helps us create a personalised treatment plan tailored. After this, you’ll stay in a safe, comfortable environment where you can focus on detoxing from legal high abuse without distractions.

Therapy: Therapy is a crucial part of your journey at Linwood House. We offer a range of therapeutic approaches to address both the physical and psychological aspects of legal high addiction. This includes individual counselling, group therapy and holistic therapies like yoga and meditation. Our experienced therapists will work with you to uncover the root causes of your addiction and develop healthy coping mechanisms.

Aftercare: Recovery doesn’t end when rehab does. Our aftercare programme ensures you continue to receive support as you transition back into everyday life. We provide ongoing counselling, support groups and resources to help you maintain your sobriety and prevent relapse. The journey to recovery from legal high drugs is ongoing and we’re here to help you every step of the way.

At Linwood House, we believe in treating the whole person, not just the addiction. Our comprehensive programme for legal high drugs is designed to help you achieve lasting recovery and a brighter future.

What are the next steps?

When dealing with an addiction to legal high drugs, it can feel lonely and as though there aren’t many options left. Linwood House offers a comprehensive legal high addiction treatment programme tailored to your needs. Our compassionate team provides personalised treatment, therapy and ongoing aftercare to support your journey to recovery. Don’t wait—reach out to Linwood House today and take the first step towards a healthier, brighter future. Contact us now to start your path to lasting sobriety and well-being.

Frequently asked questions

What makes Legal highs addictive?

Legal highs are addictive primarily due to their ability to affect neurotransmitters in the brain, such as dopamine and serotonin, which regulate pleasure and reward. These substances often mimic the effects of illegal drugs like cocaine or amphetamines, leading to feelings of euphoria, increased energy, and altered perception. The rapid release and reuptake inhibition of these neurotransmitters creates a strong reinforcing effect, prompting users to seek repeated use to sustain the pleasurable sensations. Psychological factors, genetic predisposition, and environmental influences also contribute to the addictive potential of Legal highs.

What to do if I’m addicted to Legal highs

If you’re addicted to Legal highs, seek professional help immediately. Consider entering a structured rehab programme that offers comprehensive therapy, counselling, and support groups tailored to substance abuse recovery. Developing healthy coping mechanisms, avoiding triggers, and building a strong support network are crucial for a successful recovery from Legal high addiction.

How long does it take to get addicted to Legal highs?

The time it takes to become addicted to Legal highs can vary widely depending on individual factors such as genetics, frequency of use, dosage, and mental health status. For some individuals, addiction can develop rapidly within a few weeks or even days of regular use. Others may take longer to develop dependence. Factors such as the potency of the substance, method of administration, and the individual’s susceptibility to addiction all play roles in the speed at which dependence can occur.

(Click here to see works cited)

Loi B, Sahai MA, De Luca MA, Shiref H, Opacka-Juffry J. The Role of Dopamine in the Stimulant Characteristics of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS)-Neurobiological and Computational Assessment Using the Case of Desoxypipradrol (2-DPMP). Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jun 5;11:806. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00806. PMID: 32670057; PMCID: PMC7289955.
Talk to Frank. Legal High Postcard. UK Gov. Https://Assets.Publishing.Service.Gov.Uk/Media/5a79849d40f0b63d72fc679a/Legal-Highs-Postcard.Pdf.