Written by:
Medically Reviewed by:
Last Updated:
December 2nd, 2024
Adderall Addiction | Signs, Symptoms & Effects
Adderall is a prescription medication made up of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine and is commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). By affecting certain chemicals in the brain, this stimulant helps increase focus and attention, making it easier for people with ADHD to stay organised and complete tasks efficiently. However, it’s important to use Adderall under medical supervision due to its potential for dependence and side effects.
Why does Adderall have the potential to be addictive?
Adderall has the potential to be addictive due to its active ingredients, amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. These stimulants affect the central nervous system. Here’s why they can be addictive:
Dopamine boost
When you take amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, they increase dopamine levels in your brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with feelings of pleasure and reward, which can create a sense of euphoria. This feeling is so enjoyable that people often want to experience it repeatedly. It’s important to be mindful of this, as the desire to recreate that euphoria can lead to repeated use and potential issues down the line.
Building tolerance
Over time, your body can become accustomed to Adderall, which means it takes higher doses to achieve the same effect. This is known as building tolerance and can lead to using more of the drug, which increases the risk of addiction. It’s a gradual process that can sneak up on you, so staying aware and talking to a healthcare provider if you notice changes in how the drug affects you is crucial.
Psychological dependence
Adderall can make you feel more focused, energetic, and uplifted, which is very appealing. However, relying on it to feel good or to function well can lead to psychological dependence. This means you might start feeling like you need Adderall to get through the day, which can be a slippery slope. It’s always good to have other strategies and support in place for managing focus and energy levels.
Withdrawal symptoms
Stopping Adderall after using it for a while can be challenging because it may cause withdrawal symptoms like fatigue, depression and irritability. These symptoms can be quite uncomfortable, and to avoid them, some people might continue using the drug.
If you or someone you know is thinking about stopping Adderall, it’s best to do so under the guidance of a healthcare professional to manage these symptoms safely.
How can an Adderall addiction form?
A common way an Adderall addiction can form is through off-prescription usage, meaning taking Adderall illegally without a prescription. People who don’t have ADHD may take Adderall for the feelings of euphoria it brings, using it as a study aid or a party drug. This misuse can lead to dangerous consequences and the development of an addiction.
The initial feelings of heightened alertness and euphoria can create a psychological dependency, making the user crave these effects. Over time, the brain begins to rely on Adderall to produce dopamine, leading to tolerance (needing more of the drug to achieve the same effect) and physical dependence.
I take Adderall for ADHD; should I be worried about addiction?
It’s understandable to be concerned about the potential for addiction when taking any medication. For those with ADHD who follow their prescription, the risk of forming a dependency on Adderall is very low. In fact, one study suggested that those with ADHD and taking ADHD medications were actually less likely to form a substance abuse disorder than compared to those who don’t.
However, it’s important to be mindful and take any substance with addictive tendencies carefully to avoid accidents.
For example, you might consider increasing your dose of Adderall if you feel it’s not working or if you think the previous dose was ineffective. If you’re concerned about your dosage or feel that Adderall isn’t working for you, it’s essential to discuss these concerns with the healthcare professional who prescribed it. They can provide expert advice and share their opinion on how Adderall is affecting you. Never make decisions regarding Adderall on your own.
Understanding the signs of Adderall addiction
Recognising the signs of Adderall addiction in yourself or others is important. Early awareness can lead to timely help, preventing serious health issues and supporting a smoother recovery. If you notice any of these signs, reaching out for support can make a big difference and help get things back on track:
Physical signs
- Increased heart rate: Users may experience a rapid or irregular heartbeat.
- Insomnia: Difficulty sleeping or significant changes in sleep patterns.
- Weight loss: Noticeable and often rapid weight loss due to decreased appetite.
- Nausea and vomiting: Frequent episodes of nausea or vomiting.
- Headaches: Persistent headaches that don’t seem to have another cause.
- Dry mouth: A constant feeling of dry mouth and increased thirst.
- Sweating: Excessive sweating, even without physical exertion.
- Dizziness: Frequent feelings of lightheadedness or dizziness.
Psychological signs
- Anxiety: Increased anxiety or panic attacks.
- Paranoia: Unwarranted distrust or suspicion of others.
- Depression: Periods of severe depression, especially during withdrawal.
- Hallucinations: Seeing or hearing things that aren’t there.
- Irritability: Heightened irritability and mood swings.
- Obsessive thoughts: Preoccupation with obtaining and using the drug.
Behavioural signs
- Doctor shopping: Visiting multiple doctors to obtain prescriptions (usually in countries where healthcare is privatised).
- Social withdrawal: Avoiding social interactions and isolating oneself.
- Neglecting responsibilities: Ignoring personal, professional or academic duties.
- Increased risk-taking: Engaging in risky behaviours to obtain or use the drug.
- Financial problems: Spending excessive amounts of money on the drug.
- Secretive behaviour: Being secretive about activities and whereabouts.
- Changes in social circles: Associating with new groups that encourage drug use.
- Performance fluctuations: Inconsistent performance at work or school.
How is Adderall addiction treated at Linwood House?
Overcoming Adderall addiction is a journey that requires a comprehensive approach, addressing both the physical and psychological facets of dependency. At Linwood House, we offer a holistic inpatient rehab programme tailored to help you through each step of this journey.
Adderall detox
Your first step at Linwood House involves a medically monitored detox process. This ensures your withdrawal from Adderall is as safe and comfortable as possible, with a team of medical professionals there to minimise withdrawal symptoms.
Therapy
We embrace a wide array of therapy methods to tackle the psychological aspects of your addiction. Alongside traditional therapies like Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), we incorporate holistic methods such as art therapy and yoga. This comprehensive approach aims to heal not just your mind and body but your spirit as well, giving you the best foundation for a successful recovery.
Aftercare support system
Linwood House provides an extensive aftercare support system as we firmly believe that treatment shouldn’t stop once you’ve finished your rehab programme. This includes ongoing therapy sessions, support groups and resources designed to assist you in maintaining your sobriety and adapting to life post-rehabilitation.
What are the next steps?
Are you struggling with Adderall addiction? At Linwood House, we understand how challenging this journey can be. Our compassionate team is here to support you with a personalised rehab programme tailored to your needs. We offer a safe, nurturing environment where you can heal and regain control of your life. Don’t face this alone. Reach out to Linwood House today and take the first step towards a brighter, healthier future.
Frequently asked questions
(Click here to see works cited)
- “Does Adderall Work If You Don’t Have ADHD?” Verywell Health, Verywell Health, 24 Jan. 2024, www.verywellhealth.com/taking-adderall-ritalin-without-adhd-8546956
- Handelman K, Sumiya F. Tolerance to Stimulant Medication for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Literature Review and Case Report. Brain Sci. 2022 Jul 22;12(8):959. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12080959. PMID: 35892400; PMCID: PMC9332474.
- “Adderall Withdrawal: Symptoms, Duration, Remedies and Prevention.” WebMD, WebMD, www.webmd.com/add-adhd/adderall-withdrawal#. Accessed 15 June 2024.
- Lakhan SE, Kirchgessner A. Prescription stimulants in individuals with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: misuse, cognitive impact and adverse effects. Brain Behav. 2012 Sep;2(5):661-77. doi: 10.1002/brb3.78. Epub 2012 Jul 23. PMID: 23139911; PMCID: PMC3489818.
- Chang Z, Lichtenstein P, Halldner L, D’Onofrio B, Serlachius E, Fazel S, Långström N, Larsson H. Stimulant ADHD medication and risk for substance abuse. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2014 Aug;55(8):878-85. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12164. Epub 2013 Oct 25. PMID: 25158998; PMCID: PMC4147667.